Abstract This article presents a theoretical and numerical study of bolted sleeve connections with rectangular hollow sections (RHS) under axial tension and compression. The geometric form of a hollow section provides resistance for high axial loads, torsion and combines effects, spreading its utilization in truss systems. In this context, the sleeve connections proposed explore these characteristics of RHS and offer an attractive aesthetic appearance for the continuity of elements. The bolted sleeve connection with RHS is formed by two outer tubes connected by an inner tube and staggered bolts. Herein, a parametric study was developed for identification of the failure modes in the connection. Finite element models with different geometric parameters and number of bolts were created in commercial software. The width, depth and thickness of RHS tubes and diameter of bolts were variated. In the theoretical/numerical/parametric results, the yielding gross section failure, the fracture through the effective net area failure and the bearing failure were observed. These failure modes occurred in both outer and inner tubes. The load results were compared to determine the resistance capacity of sleeve connections. The theoretical formulations were evaluated for representation of the ultimate load of the failure modes. (RHS compression loads effects systems context elements Herein software width variated theoreticalnumericalparametric observed

Resumo Fundamento: A mortalidade por doenças cardiovasculares (DCV) vem mostrando tendência à estabilização em alguns países, incluindo o Brasil e o estado do Rio de Janeiro, após décadas de queda. Não encontramos análises detalhadas dessa tendência para o estado do Rio de Janeiro. Objetivo: Analisar as tendências da mortalidade prematura e tardia por doenças do aparelho circulatório (DAC), doença isquêmica do coração (DIC) e doença cerebrovascular (DCBV) por sexo nas regiões de saúde do estado do Rio de Janeiro e capital (1996-2016). Métodos: Dados de óbitos e população foram obtidos no DATASUS/MS. Taxas foram compensadas por códigos mal definidos, corrigidos pelos códigos cardiovasculares mal definidos e ajustadas por sexo e idade pelo método direto. O Joinpoint Trend Analysis Software foi empregado para calcular a variação percentual anual (APC) e variação percentual anual média (AAPC). Foram consideradas para o estudo APC e AAPC significativamente diferentes de zero, calculadas por um teste de student com significância de 5%. Resultados: A mortalidade por DIC estabilizou ou até aumentou em pelo menos 50% das localidades analisadas (EAPC ≥0). Nas regiões Norte e Noroeste, nenhuma mudança foi observada. Para DCBV, apenas uma região apresentou estabilidade na mortalidade (EAPC próximo a 0). Para as outras regiões, a taxa continuou a diminuir (APC <0) até 2016. Conclusão: Esses resultados observados no Rio de Janeiro devem se repetir em várias regiões brasileiras e apontam para a necessidade de uma resposta na abordagem dos comportamentos no estilo de vida. Os médicos da atenção primária devem estar familiarizados com a tendência desfavorável da doença isquêmica do coração entre os adultos mais jovens e rastrear ativamente os fatores de risco para DCV, com atenção especial às mulheres.

Abstract Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality, after several decades of decrease, has shown a tendency towards the stabilization in some countries, including Brazil and Rio de Janeiro state. This new tendency was not further analyzed by gender, age group and region of the Rio de Janeiro state. Objective: To analyze the trends of premature and late mortality from CVD, ischemic heart disease (IHD) and cerebrovascular disease (CBVD) by gender in the city of Rio de Janeiro (capital) and the health regions of Rio de Janeiro state (from 1996 to 2016. Methods: Data on deaths and the population were obtained from DATASUS/MS. The rates were compensated by ill-defined codes, corrected by Ill-Defined Cardiovascular codes and gender and age-adjusted by the direct method (reference population – population of the state of Rio de Janeiro - 2000 census). The Joinpoint Trend Analysis Software was employed. Results: IHD mortality stabilized or even increased for at least 50% of the analyzed areas (EAPC≥0). No change was observed. in the “North” and “Northwest” regions For CBVD, just one region showed stability regarding mortality (EAPC close to 0). For the other regions, the rate continued to decrease (APC<0) until 2016. Conclusion: These results observed in Rio de Janeiro are possibly appropriate to various Brazilian regions and demonstrate that a serious public health response is needed to address lifestyle behaviors. Primary care physicians should also be familiar with the unfavorable tendency in coronary heart disease among younger adults in recent years and actively screen for risk factors for cardiovascular disease, paying special attention to women.

The increasing availability of extensive collections of chemical compounds associated with experimental data provides an opportunity to build predictive quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models using machine learning (ML) algorithms. These models can promote data-driven decisions and have the potential to speed up the drug discovery process and reduce their failure rates. However, many essential aspects of data preparation and modeling are not available in any standalone program. Here, we developed an automated framework for the curation of chemogenomics data and to develop QSAR models for virtual screening using the open-source KoNstanz Information MinEr (KNIME) program. The workflow includes four modules: (i) dataset preparation and curation; (ii) chemical space analysis and structure-activity relationships (SAR) rules; (iii) modeling; and (iv) virtual screening (VS). As case studies, we applied these workflows to four datasets associated with different endpoints. The implemented protocol can efficiently curate chemical and biological data in public databases and generates robust QSAR models. We provide scientists a simple and guided cheminformatics workbench following the best practices widely accepted by the community, in which scientists can adapt to solve their research problems. The workflows are freely available for download at GitHub and LabMol web portals.

Abstract This article analyzes sleeve connections between circular hollow sections. This type of connection is composed of two tubes connected by bolts to an inner tube with a smaller diameter, and explores the efficiency, aesthetics and resistance of hollow sections subjected to tension and compression. In previous researches, sleeve connections with aligned and crossed bolt dispositions and under axial tension were studied. Herein, the behavior of sleeve connections with aligned bolts and under compression was analyzed. A model to represent the connection using the finite element method was developed, which allowed a numerical analysis with geometric property variations. In the numerical/parametric results, bearing failure was observed in all cases, either in the outer or inner tube. Limiting the number of bolts to 6 and considering that connections have a lower outer thickness than the inner tube, a formulation was proposed to determine the ultimate bearing capacity of sleeve connections under compression and with bearing failure.

Resumo O objetivo da pesquisa foi avaliar a produção de cultivares de maracujazeiro (Passiflora edulis Sims) em diferentes soluções nutritivas, usando substrato comercial Bioplant® em sistema slabs no cultivo protegido. Foi utilizado o delineamento em blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial, com 2 cultivares de maracujá (Araguari e Yellow Master) x 4 soluções nutritivas (solução 1, solução 2, solução 3 e solução 4), cada parcela constituída por 6 plantas, com 6 repetições. As avaliações da condutividade elétrica na solução drenada dos slabs iniciaram aos 15 dias após o transplantio das mudas e os teores de nutrientes foram quantificados ao final da pesquisa. Nos frutos do maracujá foram avaliados extrato etéreo, fibra bruta e proteína bruta. Avaliou-se número de frutos, massa da polpa, espessura da casca e as trocas gasosas. Conclui-se que o uso da solução nutritiva 2 na cultivar Yellow Master, com condutividade elétrica de 2,72 dS m-1 e o uso da solução nutritiva 4 na cultivar Araguari, com a condutividade elétrica 2,95 dS m-1, proporcionaram o maior número de frutos, massa da polpa, massa dos frutos e as trocas gasosas, em sistema slabs no cultivo protegido do maracujazeiro.

Abstract The objective of this research was to evaluate the production of passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims) cultivars in different nutrient solutions, using commercial Bioplant® substrate in slabs system in protected cultivation. A randomized complete block design in a factorial scheme was used with 2 passion fruit cultivars (Araguari and Yellow Master) x 4 nutrient solutions (solution 1, solution 2, solution 3 and solution 4), each plot consisting of 6 plants with 6 replications. Electrical conductivity evaluations in the slabs drained solution started at 15 days after seedling transplantation and the nutrient contents were quantified at the end of the research. In passion fruit, ether extract, crude fiber and crude protein were evaluated. Fruit number, pulp mass, peel thickness and gas exchange were evaluated. It was concluded that the use of nutrient solution 2 in cultivar Yellow Master, with 2.72 dS m-1 electrical conductivity and the use of nutrient solution 4 in cultivar Araguari, with 2.95 dS m-1 electrical conductivity, yielded the largest number of fruits, pulp mass, fruit mass and gas exchange, in slabs system in the protected cultivation of passion fruit.

Resumo O tratamento da aids implica a utilização de diversos medicamentos que compõem a terapia antirretroviral, sendo o controle logístico monitorado por um sistema nacional informatizado de dispensação, o Sistema de Controle Logístico de Medicamentos (SICLOM). O objetivo foi investigar a utilização da terapia antirretroviral de pacientes de dois hospitais universitários no Estado do Rio de Janeiro a partir do SICLOM. Foi realizado um estudo seccional com coleta de dados sociodemográficos e de dispensação, a partir do SICLOM. A avaliação da posse para estimativa de pacientes não aderidos foi realizada através do indicador de proporção de dias cobertos (PDC). Foram incluídos 538 pacientes com cadastro ativo no SICLOM, maiores de 18 anos de ambos os sexos. O ARV mais utilizado em ambos os hospitais foi lamivudina, dentre 58 esquemas diferentes identificados. A maior parte dos pacientes utilizava esquemas classificados como de primeira linha de tratamento. Em média, a proporção de dias cobertos (posse) pelo tratamento foi 88% (± 0,16). A linha de tratamento mostrou associação estatística com a posse, sendo observado melhor PDC 91% (p < 0,001) para os esquemas resgate. Este estudo corroborou o SICLOM como uma boa fonte para conhecimento do perfil de utilização de ARV.

Abstract Treatment of AIDS involves the use of the cocktail of drugs that make up the antiretroviral therapy. Its logistic control is monitored by a computerized national system of dispensation, the Logistic Control System of Medication (SICLOM). This study aimed to investigate, by means of SICLOM data, the use of antiretroviral therapy in patients treated at two University Hospitals in the state of Rio de Janeiro. A cross-sectional study was conducted with sociodemographic and dispensation data collected from SICLOM. The evaluation of drug ownership was done by calculating the Proportion of Days Covered (PDC). Five hundred and thirty-eight patients of both genders with active registration in SICLOM and over 18 years of age were included. The ART most used in both hospitals was lamivudine, considering the total of 58 different schemes identified. The mean of possession of groups was 88% (± 0,16). The factor associated with possession of drugs was the ART scheme, with PDC of 91% (p<0,001) for rescue schemes. This study confirmed that SICLOM was a reliable source to establish the profile of the population assisted.

Computational tools are recognized to provide high-quality predictions for the assessment of chemical toxicity. In the recent years, mobile devices have become ubiquitous, allowing for the development of innovative and useful models implemented as chemical software applications. Here, we will briefly discuss this recent uptick in the development of web-based and mobile applications for chemical problems, focusing on best practices, development, usage and interpretation. As an example, we also describe two innovative apps (Pred-hERG and Pred-Skin) for chemical toxicity prediction developed in our laboratory. These applications are based on predictive quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR) models developed using the largest publicly available datasets of structurally diverse compounds. The developed tools ensure both highly accurate predictions and easy interpretation of the models, allowing users to discriminate potential toxicants and to purpose structural modifications to design safer chemicals.

Cheminformatics is an interdisciplinary field between chemistry and informatics, which has evolved considerably since its inception in the 1960s. Initially, the cheminformatics community dealt primarily with practical and technical aspects of chemical structure representation, manipulation, and processing, while modern research explores a new role: the exploration and interpretation of large chemical databases and the discovery of new compounds with desired activity and safety profiles. Despite the recent release of several hallmark reviews addressing methods and application of cheminformatics written in Portuguese, so far there are no scientific articles presenting cheminformatics research to the Brazilian scientific community yet. To address this gap, we aim to introduce the field of cheminformatics to both students and researchers in a simple and didactic way by narrating important historical facts and contextualizing information within the scope of various applications.

Resumo O tratamento da aids implica a utilização de diversos medicamentos que compõem a terapia antirretroviral, sendo o controle logístico monitorado por um sistema nacional informatizado de dispensação, o Sistema de Controle Logístico de Medicamentos (SICLOM). O objetivo foi investigar a utilização da terapia antirretroviral de pacientes de dois hospitais universitários no Estado do Rio de Janeiro a partir do SICLOM. Foi realizado um estudo seccional com coleta de dados sociodemográficos e de dispensação, a partir do SICLOM. A avaliação da posse para estimativa de pacientes não aderidos foi realizada através do indicador de proporção de dias cobertos (PDC). Foram incluídos 538 pacientes com cadastro ativo no SICLOM, maiores de 18 anos de ambos os sexos. O ARV mais utilizado em ambos os hospitais foi lamivudina, dentre 58 esquemas diferentes identificados. A maior parte dos pacientes utilizava esquemas classificados como de primeira linha de tratamento. Em média, a proporção de dias cobertos (posse) pelo tratamento foi 88% (± 0,16). A linha de tratamento mostrou associação estatística com a posse, sendo observado melhor PDC 91% (p < 0,001) para os esquemas resgate. Este estudo corroborou o SICLOM como uma boa fonte para conhecimento do perfil de utilização de ARV.

Abstract Treatment of AIDS involves the use of the cocktail of drugs that make up the antiretroviral therapy. Its logistic control is monitored by a computerized national system of dispensation, the Logistic Control System of Medication (SICLOM). This study aimed to investigate, by means of SICLOM data, the use of antiretroviral therapy in patients treated at two University Hospitals in the state of Rio de Janeiro. A cross-sectional study was conducted with sociodemographic and dispensation data collected from SICLOM. The evaluation of drug ownership was done by calculating the Proportion of Days Covered (PDC). Five hundred and thirty-eight patients of both genders with active registration in SICLOM and over 18 years of age were included. The ART most used in both hospitals was lamivudine, considering the total of 58 different schemes identified. The mean of possession of groups was 88% (± 0,16). The factor associated with possession of drugs was the ART scheme, with PDC of 91% (p<0,001) for rescue schemes. This study confirmed that SICLOM was a reliable source to establish the profile of the population assisted.

O presente estudo foi conduzido com o objetivo de veri-ficar a ocorrência de Listeria spp. em 50 amostras de carpaccio de carne bovina comercializados em bares e restaurantes do município de Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, e avaliar o perfil de resistência dos isola-dos aos agentes antimicrobianos utilizados no tratamento de infec-ções. Constataram-se que 20% das amostras obtidas de restaurantes e 35% de bares estavam contaminadas com Listeria spp. Dentre as espécies, L. welshimeri foi isolada com maior frequência (81,82%), seguida de L. grayi, (13,66%) e L. monocytogenes(4,55%), sendo o ágar Oxford o meio de plaqueamento mais eficiente para isolamento. Foi verificada a ocorrência de resistência dos isolados frente a todos os agentes antimicrobianos testados, exceto à tetraciclina, diante da qual 95,5% dos isolados apresentaram sensibilidade. A multirresistência foi verificada em 68,75% das estirpes analisadas. Desta forma, concluiu-se que o consumo de carpaccio de carne bovina representa risco potencial, constituindo um grave problema de saúde coletiva, especialmente devido à confrmação de estirpes patogênicas e resistentes aos principais agentes antimicrobianos utilizados no tratamento de listeriose.

The present study was conducted to verify the occurrence of Listeria spp. in 50 samples of beef carpaccio sold in bars and restaurants; and to evaluate the resistance profile to antimicrobial agents used in the routine treatment of infections. It was found that 20% of samples from restaurants and 35% from bars were contaminated with Listeria spp. Among the species, L. welshimeri was most frequently isolated (81.82%), followed by L. grayi, (13.66%) and L. monocytogenes(4.55%). The Oxford agar plating medium was the most efficient. The resistant behavior occurred to all antimicrobial agents tested, except tetracycline, to which 95.5% of the strains were sensitive. Multidrug resistance was observed in 68.75% of the strains analyzed. Thus, it is concluded that the consumption of beef carpaccio represents a potential risk, and a serious public health problem, especially due to the confirmation of pathogenic strains that are resistant to major antimicrobial agents used in the treatment of listeriosis.

Nectomys squamipes é um mamífero silvestre reservatório de Schistosoma mansoni no Brasil. No presente estudo, os roedores silvestres, colhidos no campo, foram classificados em dois grupos: infectado e não infectado por S. mansoni. O sangue foi colhido para análise da alteração no nível de glicose sérico (mg/dL) e fragmentos de fígado foram usados para determinar o conteúdo de glicogênio hepático (mg de glicose/g tecido). A análise histológica demonstrou lesões granulomatosas em diferentes fases de desenvolvimento no tecido hepático dos roedores naturalmente infectados com S. mansoni, localizados principalmente na região periportal, com total ou parcial oclusão do lúmen vascular. As lesões foram caracterizadas por presença de infiltrado inflamatório ao redor de ovos morfologicamente intactos recentemente depositados. Apesar da grande significância das lesões histológicas, as alterações bioquímicas não diferiram no mesmo grau. N. squamipes naturalmente por S. mansoni não apresentaram variação na reserva de glicogênio hepático. Esses achados foram acompanhados pelo aumento significativo nos conteúdos de glicose plasmática, provavelmente como consequência ao processo desaminativo de aminoácidos, que passam a ser degradados notadamente para a formação de glucose, sem contudo comprometer a reserva de glicogênio hepático. Em condições naturais a infecção de S. mansoni pode ser mantida usando N. squamipes como hospedeiro definitivo, sem alterações significativas nos conteúdos de glicogênio hepático, minimizando os efeitos deletérios causados por S. mansoni nos roedores N. squamipes naturalmente infectados.

The South American water rat Nectomys squamipes is a wild mammal reservoir of Schistosoma mansoni in Brazil. In the present study, wild rodents were collected in the field and categorized into two groups: infected and uninfected by S. mansoni. Blood was collected to analyze changes in the serum glucose level (mg/dL) and liver fragments were used to determine the hepatic glycogen content (mg of glucose/g tissue). The histological examination showed inflammatory granulomatous lesions in different phases of development in the liver of rodents naturally infected with S. mansoni, in some cases with total or partial occlusion of the vascular lumen. Early lesions were characterized by the presence of inflammatory infiltrate around morphologically intact recently deposited eggs. Despite the significance of these histological lesions, the biochemical changes differed in extent. N. squamipes naturally infected by S. mansoni showed no variation in hepatic glycogen reserves. These findings were accompanied by a significant increase in plasma glucose contents, probably as a consequence of amino acids deamination, which are degraded, resulting in the formation of intermediates used as precursors for the glucose formation, without compromising the reserves of liver glycogen. In the wild, naturally infected N. squamipes can maintain S. mansoni infections without undergoing alterations in its carbohydrate metabolism, which minimizes the deleterious effects of S. mansoni.